Reports

Rachel Reeves Appointed as UK's First Female Chancellor of the Exchequer

A former Bank of England economist, Rachel Reeves was appointed as Britain’s first female chancellor of the exchequer — equivalent to a finance minister — on Friday. Reeves' appointment marks a historic milestone, as she takes on the critical role in Prime Minister Keir Starmer’s newly formed Cabinet. On Monday, Reeves outlined her vision to address the UK's economic stagnation and housing shortages, making economic growth a top priority for her administration.

Assessment of Inherited Spending

Reeves has instructed Treasury officials to provide an assessment of British spending inherited from the previous Conservative administration. This assessment aims to offer a clear picture of the financial state she has taken over and will be presented to Parliament before the summer recess. This move underscores her commitment to transparency and informed policymaking as she embarks on her new role.

Measures to Revitalize Economic Growth

In her first major speech as finance minister, Reeves highlighted the urgency of decisive reforms, particularly in the planning system. “I have repeatedly warned that whoever won the general election would inherit the worst set of circumstances since the Second World War. What I have seen in the past 72 hours has only confirmed that,” Reeves stated. She emphasized that reforming the planning system is essential to revitalizing the UK's economic growth.

Focus on Housing and Planning

Housing and planning were central themes in Reeves’ speech. She announced plans to reform the national planning policy framework with a growth-focused approach. This includes restoring mandatory housing targets and lifting the ban on new onshore wind farms in England. “We are going to get Britain building again. We are going to get Britain’s economy growing again. And there is no time to waste,” Reeves declared. These measures aim to tackle the chronic housing supply issues and support sustainable development.

Labour Government's Housing Priorities

House building has emerged as a key priority for the Labour government. The aim is to streamline the planning process and address the longstanding issues that have constrained housing supply and inflated real estate prices. Last year, under the Conservative administration, 212,570 new homes were completed. However, the Resolution Foundation reported that UK households receive subpar housing compared to other developed economies. Labour's goal is to build 1.5 million new homes, reaffirming this commitment in their campaign manifesto.

Challenges of Housing Reform

The ambitious housing targets are seen as challenging, given the historical difficulties faced by previous governments in meeting similar pledges. Hugo Bessis, a senior economist at Capital Economics, noted that housing reform is complex and often met with resistance at the local level. Despite these challenges, Reeves remains committed to implementing necessary changes to stimulate housing development and economic growth.

Economic Context and Challenges

Reeves' comments come at a time when Britain is recovering from a shallow recession and dealing with the economic uncertainties following Brexit, the COVID-19 pandemic, and international inflationary pressures. The UK has also been striving to reestablish itself as a global financial center amidst a decline in IPO listings. Reeves assured businesses that Britain remains a viable place for investment, aiming to restore confidence in the UK as a safe haven for business.

Economic Outlook

Labour faces a challenging economic landscape in the short term. The Office for Budget Responsibility forecasts a GDP growth of just 0.8% this year, with a slight improvement to 1.9% in 2025. The International Monetary Fund projects an even lower growth rate of 0.5% for this year. Public sector net debt stood at 99.8% of GDP as of May, highlighting the fiscal challenges ahead. Despite these obstacles, Reeves is determined to achieve the highest sustained growth in the G7, focusing on creating good jobs and improving productivity across the country.

Labour's Economic Manifesto

In its manifesto, the Labour party has outlined plans to drive “wealth creation” and raise £7.35 billion by 2028-29 to fund public services through closing tax loopholes. The party also intends to establish a £7.3 billion national wealth fund to invest in key industries such as steel, automotives, carbon capture technology, and gigafactories. These initiatives are designed to bolster the UK's industrial base and support long-term economic growth.

Monetary Policies

Reeves confirmed that the new Labour administration does not plan to alter the treatment of the Bank of England’s reserves or the interest they accrue. This decision reflects a commitment to maintaining stability in the UK's monetary policies amidst the broader economic reforms being pursued.

Conclusion

Rachel Reeves' appointment as the UK’s first female chancellor of the exchequer signifies a new era for Britain's economic leadership. Her focus on transparency, housing reform, and economic revitalization underscores her commitment to addressing the challenges facing the UK. As she embarks on this mission, Reeves is poised to make significant strides in restoring economic growth and improving the quality of life for citizens across the country.